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目的 本研究旨在了解本中心儿科心脏重症监护病房(CICU)住院患儿多重耐药菌的定植状况以及耐药特点,为临床合理用药及多重耐药菌株院内感染流行的控制提供科学的依据.方法 对2012年10月至2013年3月期间在本中心CICU住院治疗的患儿进行细菌学监测,取159例患儿鼻前庭拭子和直肠拭子进行筛查培养,并做药敏试验.采用WHONET 5.6软件进行细菌耐药性分析.结果 在35例患儿(22.01％)标本中检测到多重耐药菌.监测目标菌中包括46株产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)肠杆菌科细菌和11株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA).46株产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌对氨苄西林的耐药率极高,为100％;对亚胺培南及美洛培南高度敏感,耐药率为0％;11株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)对万古霉素、喹奴普汀、利奈唑胺完全敏感.结论 本中心CICU住院患儿多重耐药菌定植率高,耐药现象较严重.应对CICU中的患儿进行细菌学监测,为临床合理选择抗生素、减少医院感染提供参考.“,”Objective To understand the colonization and drug resistance characteristics of multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from Cardiac Intenive Care Unit patients.Methods Nasal vestibular and rectal swabs of 159 patients admitted in a hospital CICU from October 2012 to March 2013 were screened by bacteriological surveillance method,and antimicrobial susceptibility.Data were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software.Results Multidrug-resistant strains were detected among 35 patients,the colonization rate was 22.01％,which including 46 strains of extended-spectrumβ lactamases (ESBLs)-producting Enterobacteriaceae bactefia and 11 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).46 strains of ESBLs-producing pathogens had higher drug-resistant rates to the other antimicrobial agems,but with zero drug-resistant rate toimipenem and meropenem.Resistant rates varied among different bacteria.11 strains of MRSA are completely sensitive to vacocin,linezolid and quinupristin.Conclusion The colonization rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria is serious.Mastering the bacterial colonization of the rules,epidemic and resistance characteristics can provide reference for the clinical rational use of antibiotics.