有相当一部分临床医生对相对数的概念不理解 ,常把“率”和“构成比”相混淆 ,把“发病率”与“患病率”、“死亡率”与“病死率”相混淆。此类错误看起来好象是基本常识 ,但在平时审稿中却屡见不鲜。如某作者分析38例流行性出血热的病例 ,职业分布为 :民工 2 5 ( 66% ) ,干部 A considerable number of clinicians do not understand the concept of relative numbers, often confusing the “rate” with the “composition ratio” and confusing the “incidence rate” with the “prevalence rate”, “mortality” and “case fatality rate”. Such mistakes seem to be basic common sense, but they are common in normal manuscript review. For example, an author analyzed 38 cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever, the occupational distribution was: migrant workers 25 (66%), cadres