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与普通化肥相比,施用控释肥可使土壤中微生物量增加、酶活性提高、供肥能力增强,从而提高肥料利用率、减少化肥对环境的污染。控释肥残留在土壤中的包膜还可改善土壤结构,但残膜积累过多会破坏土壤酸碱平衡,造成可溶性盐淋失和地下水体质量恶化。综述控释肥对土壤理化性质、供肥能力、土壤酶和微生物活性影响的研究进展,并指出加强控释肥研究的必要性。
Compared with common chemical fertilizers, the application of controlled release fertilizers can increase the amount of soil microbial biomass, improve enzyme activity and enhance the ability of supplying fertilizers, so as to improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and reduce the pollution of chemical fertilizers to the environment. Controlled release fertilizer residues in the soil coating can also improve the soil structure, but excessive accumulation of residual film will damage the soil acid-base balance, resulting in loss of soluble salt and groundwater quality deterioration. The research progress of controlled release fertilizer on soil physical and chemical properties, soil fertility, soil enzyme and microbial activity was reviewed. The necessity of enhancing controlled release fertilizer research was also pointed out.