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目的了解足月儿与早产儿的骨营养现状,并探讨不同喂养方式对儿童骨强度的影响。方法儿保门诊随机抽取281例0~2岁婴幼儿,早产儿121例,足月儿160例,采用定量超声技术(QUS)测定左胫骨中段处的超声速度(SOS),根据同年龄、同性别SOS标准值的百分位数划分成低骨强度与正常骨强度,同时调查婴幼儿的喂养方式。结果早产儿的SOS值明显低于足月儿,前者低骨强度发生率显著高于后者。骨骼SOS的测定结果在性别间差异无统计学意义。母乳喂养和人工喂养的婴儿其骨密度均值高于混合喂养儿,但统计学上无显著性差异。结论早产儿骨强度不足的发生率较高,应加强对婴幼儿特别是早产儿骨营养状况的早期干预。QUS使用安全、方便、快捷,适用于监测不同年龄儿童骨强度的动态变化。
Objective To understand the status of bone nutrition in full-term infants and premature infants and explore the effects of different feeding methods on the strength of children’s bones. Methods A total of 281 infants and young children aged 0 to 2 years old, 121 preterm infants and 160 full-term infants were randomly selected. Methods The quantitative ultrasound (QUS) was used to measure the SOS in the left tibia. According to the same age, The percentile of the sex SOS standard is divided into low bone strength and normal bone strength, and the infants’ feeding patterns are investigated. Results The SOS value of premature infants was significantly lower than that of full-term infants. The former had a significantly lower incidence of low bone strength than the latter. There was no significant difference in the SOS results between the sexes. Breast-fed and fed-fed infants had higher mean BMD than mixed feeding, but there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion The incidence of bone loss in preterm infants is high. Early intervention in infants and especially premature infants should be strengthened. QUS is safe, easy and fast to monitor the dynamic changes of bone strength in children of different ages.