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采用暗沟排盐技术,研究在施用改良剂和有机肥等配套措施的条件下,不同间距暗沟(3 m、6 m、9 m和15 m)对宁夏盐碱地pH、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Na~+、电导率(EC)、钠吸比(SAR)、有机质(SOM)及垂柳生长的影响.结果表明:(1)改良前土壤的EC大于4.00 d S/m,改良后所有处理包括CK(无暗沟和有配套措施)的EC全都小于1.50 d S/m;60-80 cm和80-100 cm土层的EC值在各个处理间没有显著差异,而0-20 cm、20-40 cm和40-60 cm土层的CK与其他处理有显著差异(P<0.05).(2)改良前土壤的p H值基本都在9.00以上,改良后3 m、6 m、9 m和15 m间距暗沟以及CK(无暗沟和有配套措施)的p H基本都在8.50左右,但不同处理间p H值没有显著差异.(3)0-20 cm、20-40 cm土层中,暗沟处理的SAR显著低于CK(P<0.05),15 m间距暗沟的SAR大于3 m、6 m和9 m间距暗沟;其他土层中,各个处理间的SAR没有显著差异.(4)相比CK,暗沟处理的有机质含量显著降低(P<0.05),其中9 m间距暗沟的有机碳含量最高.(5)3 m、6 m、9m间距暗沟的垂柳生长状况显著好于15 m间距暗沟和CK的生长状况(P<0.05).综上,暗沟排盐技术配套其他措施能够有效地改良盐碱地,综合考虑暗沟设置成本和改良效果,9 m间距暗沟为最佳选择.
Under the conditions of supporting measures such as improver and organic manure, the effects of different depths of subsoiling (3 m, 6 m, 9 m and 15 m) on pH, Ca2 +, Mg (Superscript +), Na ~ +, EC, SAR, SOM and weeping willow.The results showed that: (1) EC of soil before improvement was more than 4.00 d S / m , The ECs of all improved treatments including CK (no furrows and matching measures) were all less than 1.50 d S / m. The EC values of 60-80 cm and 80-100 cm soil layers were not significantly different among the treatments, while the 0- The CK of 20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers were significantly different from other treatments (P <0.05). (2) The values of p H in soils before improvement were all above 9.00, and after 3 m, 6 The p H values at m, 9 m and 15 m intervals and CK (without trenches and matching measures) were all around 8.50, but there was no significant difference in p H between different treatments. (3) 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, the SAR of under-furrow treatment was significantly lower than that of CK (P <0.05), and the SAR of 15 m-spacing under-furrow was larger than 3 m, 6 m and 9 m underdrain. In other soil layers, there was no significant difference (4) Compared with CK, the content of organic matter in undergrowth significantly decreased (P <0.05), among which (5) The growth of weeping willows with 3 m, 6 m and 9 m subsidence was significantly better than those with 15 m subterranean undergrowth and CK (P <0.05) .In conclusion, Technical support Other measures can effectively improve the saline-alkali land, considering the underdrain setting cost and improving effect, 9 m pitch underdrain is the best choice.