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卢森堡对文学有着非常清晰的认识。她对文学的基本认识是:文学是现实的一面镜子,尤其要反映当下普通人的生活,是日常生活的反射,同时也应该是社会历史的史料。而反映现实的文艺正是作家们对现实社会的批判,也是产生革命的思想源泉,对斗争实践具有指导作用。卢森堡认为,艺术家、作家与社会思想家并存。作为社会思想家的艺术家要有对社会的全面认知与思考,帮助人们认识社会、反思社会,在批判的基础上改造社会。无论就艺术作品本身所反映的社会事实,还是作家本人对社会生活意义的深刻思考都见证着作家与社会思想家的统一。因此,一个时代,文艺的重要性就体现在,艺术作品所对应的必须是作家所处时代的现实社会,发生在社会中的一切问题都能在作品中的人物身上得到呈现;而艺术家就是战士,他们用作品揭露社会的不公平并寻求解决不公平的手段。卢森堡对文学的独特看法在今天并不过时。事实上,用她对当时文学创作的批判性认知来比照今天的文学创作,让我们看到了现时代的文学在激发社会批判力量方面的某种缺位。
Luxembourg has a very clear understanding of literature. Her basic understanding of literature is that literature is a mirror of reality, and in particular, it should reflect the life of ordinary people nowadays, be a reflection of daily life, and be a historical material of social history as well. Reflecting the reality of literature and art is exactly the writer’s criticism of the real society, but also the source of revolutionary ideas, and guiding the practice of struggle. Luxembourg believes that artists, writers and social thinkers co-exist. As a social thinker, artists must have a comprehensive understanding and thinking of society, helping people to understand society, reflect on society and reform society on the basis of criticism. Both the social facts reflected in the works of art itself and the author’s own profound thinking on the meaning of social life all witness the unity of writers and social thinkers. Therefore, in an era, the importance of literature and art is reflected in that the artwork must correspond to the real society of the time in which the writer is located, and all the problems that occur in the society can be presented to the characters in the works. The artist is the soldier They use works to expose the unfairness of society and to seek solutions to unfair practices. Luxembourg’s unique view of literature is not outdated today. In fact, using her critical understanding of literary creation at that time to compare with today’s literary creation, let us see some shortcoming of contemporary literature in stimulating social criticism.