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【目的】选育抗(耐)尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型4号生理小种(FOC4)引起的香蕉枯萎病,且产量、品质性状优良的香蕉新品种,丰富广西抗(耐)枯萎病香蕉品种,为促进广西香蕉产业的健康持续发展提供技术支持。【方法】采用重病蕉区大田筛选母株,并利用组织培养芽变、盆栽接种病原菌压力选择及大田病区压力选择相结合的方法选育抗(耐)香蕉枯萎病品种,经过品系纯化、品比试验、区域试验、生产试验等,观察其特征特性、抗病性及产量表现等。【结果】桂蕉9号为巴西蕉芽变异株系,基因型为AAA,属中秆香蕉,全生育期310~350 d;果肉可溶性固形物含量22.3%,总糖含量19.6 mg/100 g,维生素C(Vc)含量16.38 mg/100 g,可滴定酸含量0.43%;果实具有较好的耐贮性,催熟后在室温下可保存3~5 d。2012~2015年在海南、广东及广西进行种植试验,桂蕉9号对由FOC4引起的枯萎病表现出抗(耐)性,1代及2代香蕉植株的田间发病率为0.95%~52.30%,比对照品种(巴西蕉、桂蕉6号、桂蕉1号)减少7.38%~88.70%(绝对值);1代及2代蕉单株平均产量为19.8~29.6 kg,总产量17001.0~74485.4 kg/ha,比对照品种增产-2.1%~515.5%。桂蕉9号于2015年6月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定。【结论】桂蕉9号是广西首个自主育成的抗(耐)香蕉枯萎病新品种,适宜在广西、云南、海南等香蕉主产区种植。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to screen a new banana variety resistant to FOC4 caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. chinense 4 and to improve its resistance to Fusarium wilt Banana varieties, to promote the healthy and sustainable development of Guangxi banana industry to provide technical support. 【Method】 The resistant and tolerant banana fusarium wilt strains were selected by the method of field screening in the severely diseased banana field and the methods of tissue culture budding selection, pressure selection of pathogen in pot culture and pressure selection in field ward were used. Ratio test, regional test, production test and so on, to observe its characteristics, disease resistance and yield performance. 【Result】 The results showed that Guajian 9 was a banana mutant with a genotype of AAA, which was a stalk banana with a full growth period of 310-350 d. The content of soluble solids in pulp was 22.3%, and the total sugar content was 19.6 mg / 100 g. Vitamin C (Vc) content of 16.38 mg / 100 g, titratable acid content of 0.43%; fruit has good storability, at room temperature after ripening can be stored 3 ~ 5 d. Planting experiments were conducted in Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi from 2012 to 2015. Gui 9 was resistant to Fusarium wilt caused by FOC4, and the incidence of the first and second generations of banana plants was 0.95% ~ 52.30% , Which was 7.38% ~ 88.70% (absolute value) less than that of the control varieties (Brazil banana, Guajiao 6 and Guijian 1). The average yield of the 1st and 2nd banana plants was 19.8-29.6 kg and the total yield was 17001.0-74485.4 kg / ha, yielding -2.1% ~ 515.5% more than the control varieties. Guijiao 9 passed the Guangxi Crop Variety Approval Committee in June 2015. 【Conclusion】 Guijian 9 is the first newly developed resistant (resistant) banana wilt disease in Guangxi and is suitable for planting in the main producing areas of banana in Guangxi, Yunnan and Hainan.