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从笛卡儿到康德,西方近现代哲学建构了主体性的哲学范式,人成了确定无疑的主体。随着语言哲学的兴起,主体范式日趋衰落,从哲学到文学领域,充斥着主体死亡的情结。作者中心主义随着主体范式的兴衰而兴衰,主体范式的兴起建构了创造性的作者,而主体范式的衰落使作者沦为功能作者。作者之创造不再是人格的表现、个性的表达,作者不再是实际执笔者,作者沦落为一种话语实践与功能性表达。民间文学作品、孤儿作品、作者商标化意味着著作权领域中作者的终结、意味着作者中心主义的衰退。
From Descartes to Kant, modern Western philosophy constructed a subjective philosophical paradigm, and man became the undoubted subject. With the rise of language philosophy, the subjective paradigm has been declining day by day, from the philosophical to the literary fields, which is filled with the complex of the death of the subject. With the rise and fall of authoritarianism, authoritarianism rises and falls, the rise of subject paradigm constructs a creative author, and the decline of subject paradigm reduces authors to function authors. The author’s creation is no longer the expression of personality, personality, the author is no longer the actual writers, the author reduced to a discourse practice and functional expression. Folklore, orphan works, and authorization of authors mean the end of authorship in the field of copyright, which implies authoritarianism’s decline.