引言近几年来空间飞行任务的分析数量迅速增加,飞行任务复杂程度大为提高。因而要求更准确地测定飞行器的位置和速度。在这类测量中,逼真的误差估算,都应该包括各种误差源所引起的误差。即基本测量、站址定位、基本物理常数和所用的弹道数学模型等的误差。另外随机误差必须与偏差相区别,前者属于统计分析的,而偏差在测量过程中保持常数或缓慢变化。本报告详细说明一种用加权最小二乘法的误差分析,并且指出,对于各种跟踪系统,怎样才能使上述所有类型的误差组合起来。从实际的观点出发,这一点是重要的,因为在每次空间飞行任务中,要用很多跟踪系统和跟踪站来测量飞行器轨迹。为了正确地设 Introduction In recent years, the number of analyzes of space missions has increased rapidly, and the complexity of missions has been greatly enhanced. Thus requiring a more accurate determination of the position and speed of the aircraft. In this type of measurement, realistic error estimates should include errors caused by various error sources. That is, the basic measurement, site location, the basic physical constants and the ballistic mathematical model used in the error. In addition random error must be distinguished from the deviation, the former belongs to the statistical analysis, and the deviation in the measurement process to maintain a constant or slow changes. This report details an error analysis using a weighted least-squares method and points out how it is possible to combine all of these types of errors for various tracking systems. This is important from a practical point of view, as many spacecraft and tracking stations are used to measure the trajectory of an aircraft in each space mission. In order to set up correctly