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在衰老过程中,机体免疫系统最易受到损伤,对外源性刺激的免疫反应减弱,自身免疫反应增强。致使老年人对感染的敏感性增加,心血管疾病、肾脏病、自家免疫性疾病、肿瘤以及呼吸系统疾病的发病率明显增高,从而促进衰老的进程,缩短正常寿命。因此,从免疫学角度探讨抗老延寿措施是当前老年医学研究中一个十分活跃的领域。 半个世纪以来,通过实验研究证明,采用饮食控制,免疫细胞或组织移植、组织切除、化学及天然药物应用等方法对恢复或延缓老年免疫功能的衰退,甚至延长寿命均有较显著的作用。
During the aging process, the body’s immune system is most vulnerable to damage, the immune response to exogenous stimuli weakens, and the autoimmune response increases. As a result, the elderly are more sensitive to infections, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, autoimmune diseases, tumors, and respiratory diseases is significantly increased, thereby promoting the aging process and shortening the normal life span. Therefore, it is a very active field in the study of geriatric medicine to discuss anti-aging and longevity measures from the perspective of immunology. For half a century, experimental studies have shown that dietary control, immune cell or tissue transplantation, tissue resection, chemical and natural drug application methods have a significant effect on restoring or delaying the decline of the immune function of the elderly and even extending the life span.