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目的调查深圳市活禽市场活禽经营人员H7N9禽流感病毒抗体水平,探讨感染危险因素。方法在对活禽市场活禽经营人员问卷调查的基础上,采集血样,用血凝抑制试验检测H7N9禽流感病毒抗体,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归对H7N9病毒感染的危险因素进行分析。结果 250名活禽市场活禽经营中,男性141人,女性109人,年龄中位数为41岁,38人(15.2%)H7N9病毒抗体阳性(滴度≥1:160),男、女各19人。问卷调查发现,236人(94.4%)主要接触鸡,169人(67.6%)接触过鸭,120人(48.0%)接触过鹅,105人(34.1%)接触过鸽子,单因素分析显示接触鸭子、鹅和鸽子为H7N9病毒感染的高危因素,进一步多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,接触鸭子为H7N9病毒感染的高危因素(OR=3.85,95%CI:1.44~10.35,P=0.007),活禽暴露时间、暴露方式和流感疫苗接种等因素对H7N9病毒感染的影响无显著性(P>0.05)。结论活禽市场活禽经营人员中存在着一定数量的隐性感染者,接触鸭子为H7N9病毒感染的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the antibody levels of H7N9 avian influenza virus in live poultry operators in live poultry market in Shenzhen and to explore the risk factors of infection. Methods Based on the questionnaire survey of live poultry operators in live poultry market, blood samples were collected and tested for H7N9 avian influenza virus antibody by hemagglutination inhibition test. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of H7N9 virus infection. Results In the live poultry market of 250 live poultry markets, there were 141 males and 109 females, with a median age of 41 and 38 (15.2%) positive for H7N9 virus (titer≥1: 160) 19 people. The survey found that 236 (94.4%) were mainly exposed to chickens, 169 (67.6%) were exposed to ducks, 120 (48.0%) were exposed to geese and 105 (34.1%) were exposed to pigeons. Univariate analysis showed that exposure to ducks , Goose and pigeon were the risk factors of H7N9 virus infection. Further multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of H7N9 virus infection were the contact duck (OR = 3.85, 95% CI: 1.44-10.35, P = 0.007) The effects of exposure time, exposure methods and influenza vaccination on H7N9 virus infection were not significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion There is a certain number of latent infection among live poultry operators in live poultry market, and the exposure to ducks is a risk factor for H7N9 virus infection.