宋仁宗朝谏院成为独立机构,谏官由皇帝亲自除授,职能从规谏皇帝扩大到了监督百官。谏职已成为具有较高地位、广泛参与国事的要职。范仲淹曾任谏职,谏诤精神、责任意识强烈。在其影响下,士人谏诤精神空前高涨,并于庆历年间达到高潮,一时间王素、欧阳修、蔡襄、余靖等人同任谏官,为新政开展做出了贡献。值得注意的是,仁宗朝也是宋代文学发展的关键时期,谏诤精神高涨的同时,一场诗文革新运动也随之拉开了序幕。范仲淹集文人、学者、官僚于一身,他不但谏诤精神、责任意识强烈,同时也是诗文革新的关键人物之一。范仲淹的文学活动受到谏官经历、谏诤精神影 Song Renzong toward the remuneration court to become an independent body, remonstration officer in addition to grant the emperor by himself, the function expanded from the remonstrance emperor to supervise all officials. The remuneration has become a high status, a broad participation in state affairs. Fan Zhongyan served as a remuneration, remonstrance spirit, a strong sense of responsibility. Under his influence, the spirit of scholars’ rebehavior was unprecedentedly high and culminated in the Qing dynasty. For a time, Wang Su, Ouyang Xiu, Cai Xiang, Yu Jing and others served as admonition officials and made contributions to the development of the New Deal. It is noteworthy that Renzong dynasty was also a crucial period for the development of literature in the Song dynasty. While the remonstrance was on the rise, a revolution in poetry and literature was also kicked off. Fan Zhongyan set literati, academics, bureaucrats in one, he not only remonstrance, a strong sense of responsibility, but also one of the key figures in the poem reform. Fan Zhongyan literary activities by the remonstrance officer experience, remonstrance spirit shadow