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通过向原子钟微波腔内导入相干的脉冲微波信号,同时设置适当的脉冲信号参数,可以激发原子共振跃迁的Ramsey条纹,利用其中心条纹作为钟跃迁可以极大地压缩原子钟的谱线宽度,有望提高原子钟的电性能指标.该项技术已经在pop铷钟上得到应用,成功压缩了铷原子的共振谱线线宽.中国科学院上海天文台在被动型氢原子钟物理系统的基础上,开展了氢原子微波脉冲激励技术的研究,设计了微波脉冲扫频电路,目前已经初步观测到氢原子的Ramsey条纹,从而证明了该项技术用于氢原子钟的可行性.计划优化系统和微波信号参数,从而进一步压缩原子线宽.同时设计完善的伺服电路,实现原子钟的环路锁定,形成脉冲微波式氢原子钟,并测试和优化了整机性能指标.
By introducing a coherent pulse microwave signal into the microwave cavity of the atomic clock and setting the appropriate pulse signal parameters, the Ramsey fringes of the atomic resonance transition can be excited. Using the central fringes as clock transitions, the spectral width of the atomic clock can be greatly reduced, Of the electrical properties of the technology has been applied to the pop rubidium clock successfully crushed rubidium atoms resonance line width of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai astronomical Observatory passive passive hydrogen atomic clock system based on the hydrogen atomic microwave pulse In order to further optimize the system and microwave signal parameters, it is proposed to further compress the atoms by using the pulsed-frequency microwave pulse sweeping circuit. The Ramsey fringes of hydrogen atoms have been initially observed, which proves the feasibility of this technique for hydrogen atomic clocks. Line width.At the same time, a well-designed servo circuit is designed to realize the locking of the clock of the atomic clock to form a pulsed microwave hydrogen atomic clock and to test and optimize the whole machine performance index.