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目的 :探讨 2型糖尿病危险因素 ,为制定针对高危人群及全人群的干预措施提供依据。方法 :将 2 0 0例确诊的 2型糖尿病患者作为研究病例 ,进行 1∶ 1配对病例对照研究 ,通过条件 L ogistic回归分析筛选主要危险因素。结果 :糖尿病家族史 (OR=8.5 6 0 )、高血压患病史 (OR=4.80 9)、肥胖 (尤其是上身肥胖 ,即男性 WHR≥ 0 .9,女性WHR≥ 0 .85 ) (OR=6 .7141)、高血压、饮食习惯 (喜食脂肪 )、不常体育锻炼以及精神心理因素 (如工作紧张 )等是 2型糖尿病的主要危险因素。结论 :2型糖尿病与遗传因素和环境因素有关 ,针对高危人群及全人群 ,采取适度运动、合理膳食、保持良好的精神心理状态 ,控制体重和血压等综合干预措施是预防 2型糖尿病发生的重要手段。
Objective: To explore the risk factors of type 2 diabetes and provide the basis for developing interventions aimed at the high-risk groups and the whole population. Methods: A total of 200 diabetics with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected as the study case and matched with 1: 1 matched case-control study. The major risk factors were screened by conditional L ogistic regression analysis. Results: The family history of diabetes (OR = 8.560), history of hypertension (OR = 4.809), obesity (especially upper body obesity, WHR≥0.9 in men and WHR≥0.85 in women) (OR = 6 .7141), hypertension, eating habits (eating fat), infrequent physical activity, and psychosocial factors (such as work stress) are the major risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes is related to genetic factors and environmental factors. For high-risk groups and general population, taking appropriate exercise, reasonable diet, maintaining good mental state, controlling weight and blood pressure and other comprehensive interventions are important for preventing type 2 diabetes means.