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煤矸石的元素地球化学特征对煤矸石综合利用途径有着重要约束。贵州是我国主要的产煤区,煤层主要分布在六盘水、毕节、遵义等地区。本文借助ICP-MS、XRD和XRF等现代分析方法,对遵义地区煤矸石矿物学和元素地球化学特征进行了系统研究。结果显示,煤矸石矿物成分主要为石英和粘土等富硅矿物,并含一定量的锐钛矿和黄铁矿等金属矿物。煤矸石主量成分以富Al2O3(14.26%～33.16%)和TiO2(1.05%～2.35%)为特征,微量成分以富Z(r39.5×10-6～1060×10-6)、Nb(3.54×10-6～101×10-6)、Ga(3.74×10-6～45.4×10-6)和Sr(22.6×10-6～1940×10-6)等为特征,具有重要的综合利用价值。综合分析显示,煤矸石中具有综合利用价值的稀贵金属与其所含的锐钛矿密切相关。
The element geochemical features of coal gangue have an important constraint on the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue. Guizhou is China’s major coal-producing area, the coal seams are mainly distributed in Liupanshui, Bijie, Zunyi and other regions. In this paper, the mineralogical and elemental geochemical characteristics of coal gangue in Zunyi are systematically studied by means of modern analytical methods such as ICP-MS, XRD and XRF. The results show that the main mineral composition of coal gangue is quartz and clay and other silicon-rich minerals, and contains a certain amount of anatase and pyrite and other metal minerals. The main components of coal gangue are characterized by rich Al2O3 (14.26% -33.16%) and TiO2 (1.05% -2.55%), and trace elements are enriched in Z (r39.5 × 10-6 ~ 1060 × 10-6), Nb 3.54 × 10-6 ~ 101 × 10-6), Ga (3.74 × 10-6 ~ 45.4 × 10-6) and Sr (22.6 × 10-6 ~ 1940 × 10-6) Use value. The comprehensive analysis shows that the precious metals with comprehensive utilization value in coal gangue are closely related to the anatase contained in it.