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1引言中国煤炭资源十分丰富,储量位居世界首位。在过去,丰富的宝藏得不到正常的开采,直到1949年新中国建立后,煤炭工业才得到迅速发展。煤矿生产技术也发生了深刻的变化,过去的手镐落煤,人力拉筐,背筐的原始生产方式已被机械化采煤所取代。中国煤矿工作面的机械化开采技术与世界各主要产煤国家的煤矿机械化技术的发展过程相似,也大致经历了三个发展阶段。
1 Introduction China is rich in coal resources and reserves rank first in the world. In the past, abundant treasures were not properly exploited until the coal industry developed rapidly after the founding of new China in 1949. There have also been profound changes in the technology of coal mine production. In the past, hand-picks dropped coal, man-drawn baskets, and back baskets were replaced by mechanized coal mining. The mechanized mining technology in China’s coalface is similar to that of coalmine mechanization in all the major coal-producing countries in the world, and has generally gone through three stages of development.