从1848年到1943年近百年的时间里,美国逐渐制定了一整套全面排华的政策,这些政策大多以法律的形式予以保证,涉及华人移民的各个方面。在美国各州中,加利福尼亚州的排华行动是最早的,美国各地的反华暴行也以加州为最。1882年排华法案的出台使美国进入全面排华时期,各地反华暴行不断升级,直到1943年所有的排华法案被废除后,美国华人的状况才得以根本改善。 In the nearly one hundred years from 1848 to 1943, the United States gradually formulated a comprehensive set of policies for the protection of the Chinese nation. Most of these policies are guaranteed by law and cover all aspects of Chinese immigration. Among the U.S. states, California is the earliest one to exclude China from its acts of anti-China atrocities in the United States. The introduction of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 brought the United States into full-scale exclusion and the escalation of anti-China atrocities across the country. Only after all the exclusion laws were abolished in 1943 could the situation of the Chinese in the United States be fundamentally improved.