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选用4个具有不同显性春化基因型的小麦品种与冬性小麦品种‘京841’进行杂交实验,通过显性春化基因特异性PCR分析技术鉴定杂交F1代植株,并分析4个杂交组合的正反交F1代植株表型特性。结果显示,各显性春化基因已经导入到各杂交F1代植株中,且其苗穗期受显性春化基因的控制而有效缩短;3个杂交组合的F1代穗粒数在正反交之间存在显著差异,推测穗粒数受细胞质遗传因素的影响较大,其中以‘新春2号’和‘豫麦18’分别为母本和父本与‘京841’杂交后F1代的穗粒数表现出较强的杂种优势,4个杂交组合的F1代千粒重均表现出较强的杂种优势。
Four wheat cultivars with different dominant vernalization genotypes and Beijing winter wheat cultivar ’Jing 841’ were selected for hybridization experiment. F1 plants were identified by dominant vernalization gene-specific PCR analysis and four crosses were analyzed Phenotypic Characteristics of F1 Generation in Reciprocal Hybrids. The results showed that all the dominant vernalization genes had been introduced into the F1 plants of each cross, and their seedling stage was effectively controlled by the dominant vernalization gene. The results showed that the number of grains per spike was significantly affected by the cytoplasmic genetic factors. The spikelets of F1 generation after ’Xinchun 2’ and ’Yumai 18’ were maternal and paternal parents and ’Jing 841’ The grain number showed a strong heterosis, F1 hybrids of four hybrid combinations showed a strong heterosis.