《论语》中蕴含着丰富的人性论思想。性近习远是其人性论思想总纲,可从心与欲两个着眼点来阐述。欲是心的生理基础,心对欲具有能动作用,体现出的是一种原始的人本主义思想。因此教育的本质是秉于人先天本性,从心与欲两方面塑造后天人格的社会活动,对于社会和个人全面协调可持续发展有重要意义。 “Analects” contains a rich theory of human nature. Sexual near-far is far from the human nature of his theory of thought, from the heart and desire two points to elaborate. Desire for the physical basis of the heart, the heart wants to have an active role, reflecting a primitive humanistic thinking. Therefore, the nature of education is based on human nature, and the social activities that shape the acquired personality from both the heart and the desire are of great significance to the overall, coordinated and sustainable development of society and individuals.