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目的调查某小学发生的一起上呼吸道感染暴发疫情的病因。方法对该暴发疫情开展现场流行病学调查,采集病例咽拭子进行病毒核酸检测。结果 2014年5月12日—6月3日某小学发生呼吸道感染患者43例,罹患率为1.31%;临床特征为高热、咽痛、咳嗽,主要体征为咽部充血、扁桃体肿大。疫情波及2个年级4个班,发病有聚集性,其中四(4)班罹患率最高,为52.54%;病例全部为学生,男女罹患率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);疫情持续23天,5月22日达到发病高峰。采集12例现症病例的咽拭子进行常见呼吸道病毒核酸检测,结果 8例患者腺病毒核酸阳性,阳性率为66.67%。结论发生在某小学上呼吸道感染暴发疫情的病原体为腺病毒,与现症病例密切接触是疫情暴发的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the etiology of an outbreak of upper respiratory tract infection in a primary school. Methods To carry out an epidemiological investigation of the outbreak and to collect throat swabs for virus nucleic acid detection. Results From May 12 to June 3, 2014, 43 cases of respiratory tract infection occurred in a primary school with an attack rate of 1.31%. The clinical features were high fever, sore throat and cough. The main signs were throat congestion and tonsil swelling. The epidemic affected two classes of 4 classes, the incidence of aggregation, of which four (4) classes attack the highest rate of 52.54%; all cases of students, the incidence of men and women was no significant difference (P> 0.05); epidemic continued 23 Day, May 22 to peak incidence. A total of 12 cases of throat swabs were collected for detection of common respiratory virus nucleic acid. The results showed that 8 cases of adenovirus positive for nucleic acid, the positive rate was 66.67%. Conclusions The pathogen that occurred in the outbreak of upper respiratory tract infection in a primary school was adenovirus. The close contact with the present disease was the risk factor of outbreak.