Objective:To explore effect of different anesthesia methods and different anesthetics on erythrocyte immune function in mice.Methods:The mice were anesthetized by isoflurane and ether inhalation, and also under intraperitoneal anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital and chloral hydrate.Blood was collected from the ventro-cardinal vein.Automatic blood cell analyzer was used for routine blood examination, and thecanthine oxidase method was used to measure the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity.Lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde(MDA) was measured withTBA, and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) was measured withDTNB, and then the effect of different anesthesia methods and different anesthetics on erythrocyte immune function in mice was observed.Results:Hct level of chloral hydrate intraperitoneal injection group was significantly higher than the other three groups(P<0.05).And theMDA levels in the pentobarbital sodium group were significantly higher than the other three groups(P<0.05).SOD andGSH-Px of the chloral hydrate and sodium pentobarbital intraperitoneal injection group were significantly lower than the other two groups;RBC-C3bRR andRBC-ICR of the chloral hydrate and sodium pentobarbital intraperitoneal injection group were significantly lower than the other two groups.Conclusions:Different drugs can induce changes in immune function of mice at different levels.Isoflurane and ether have less damage to animal body, while chloral hydrate and sodium pentobarbital intraperitoneal injection have a certain inhibitory effect on the animal body respiratory system and can cause greater damage to the body.Therefore, the reasonable selection and control of anesthetics are very important in order to avoid the experimental errors caused by anesthesia.