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目的分析甘肃省定西市农药中毒流行特点和现状,探讨农药中毒发病规律,为制定预防和控制农药中毒对策提供科学依据。方法通过国家职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统,将2006—2015年定西市上报的农药中毒报告卡导入Excel电子表格,建立数据库并用Spss 19.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2006—2015年定西市共上报农药中毒病例3 514例,其中生活性中毒3 326例,生产性中毒188例,分别占94.60%和5.40%,生活性中毒与生产性农药中毒之比为17.69∶1;男性1 385例、女性2 129例,男女比1∶1.54;生活性中毒病例平均年龄(36.12±16.35)岁、生产性中毒病例平均年龄(37.94±14.60)岁,差异无统计学意义(t=1.49,P>0.05);男性平均年龄(36.19±18.38)岁,女性平均年龄(36.24±14.73)岁,差异无统计学意义(t=0.09,P>0.05);生活性农药中毒病例男女比例为1∶1.55(1 306∶2 020),生产性农药中毒为1∶1.38(79∶109),差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.566,P>0.05);生活性农药中毒不受季节影响,全年均有分布且基本均衡,4个季度发病率23.63%~27.93%;农药中毒的主要种类为杀虫剂,中毒2 344例、占66.70%,其次为除草剂,中毒641例、占18.24%,第三是杀鼠剂,中毒287例、占8.16%。结论定西市农药中毒人数逐年增加,病死率逐年下降,中毒类型以生活性中毒为主;生活性农药中毒严重威胁着群众的生命安全和健康,已成为社会重要的公共卫生问题,应积极采取综合防治措施,减少病例发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and current situation of pesticide poisoning in Dingxi City, Gansu Province, and to explore the regularity of the incidence of pesticide poisoning and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning. Methods Through the national occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system, the pesticide poisoning reporting card reported by Dingxi City from 2006 to 2015 was imported into Excel spreadsheet, and the database was established and analyzed by using Spss 19.0 software. Results A total of 3 514 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Dingxi City from 2006 to 2015, of which 326 were live poisonings and 188 were productive ones, accounting for 94.60% and 5.40% respectively. The ratio of live poisoning to productive pesticide poisoning was 17.69 : 1; there were 1 385 males and 2 129 females, the ratio of male to female was 1: 1.54; the average age of live poisoning cases was (36.12 ± 16.35) years old and the average age of productive poisoning cases was (37.94 ± 14.60) years old, with no significant difference (t = 1.49, P> 0.05). The average age of male was 36.19 ± 18.38 years old and the average age of female was 36.24 ± 14.73 years old, with no significant difference (t = 0.09, P> 0.05) The ratio of male to female was 1: 1.55 (1 306: 0208), productive pesticide poisoning was 1: 1.38 (79:109), the difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 0.566, P> 0.05) Affected by the seasons, the disease was distributed and basically balanced throughout the year with an incidence rate of 23.63% -27.93% in four quarters. The main types of pesticide poisoning were insecticides, with 2 344 poisonings (66.70%), followed by herbicides and poisoning 641 Cases, accounting for 18.24%, the third is a rodenticide, poisoning 287 cases, accounting for 8.16%. Conclusion The number of pesticide poisoning in Dingxi City has been increasing year by year, and the case fatality rate has been declining year by year. The type of poisoning is mainly living poisoning. Living pesticide poisoning is a serious threat to people’s life safety and health and has become an important social public health issue. Prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence of cases.