Alkanols, which are narcotic compounds,were studied. The acute toxicities (15min-EG50) of 15alkanols, which have a large span of hydrophobicity,to Photobacterium phosphoreum were measured.Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR)analysis of single toxicity of alkanols was conducted by using octanol-water partition coefficient (logKow).The polynomial expression was used instead of linear equation to develop QSAR model, and a QSAR model with a good predictive potential was achieved.Furthermore, the mixture toxicity of alkanols was studied. In order to predict joint toxicity of mixtures that contain very hydrophobic alkanols, the adjustment of octanol-water partition coefficient was performed, considering the influence of volume effect.And equivalent octanol-water partition coefficient was introduced. The QSAR model of mixture toxicity was developed by using equivalent mixture octanol-water partition coefficient. The result showed that even a linear model could predict mixture toxicity well by using equivalent mixture octanol-water partition coefficient.