目的评价胎鼠结肠植入同系成年鼠所致溃疡性结肠炎（ＵＣ）模型．方法将胎鼠结肠植入同系鼠肾包膜下，观察胎鼠结肠和成年鼠结肠的组织学变化，并且采用微量细胞毒方法检查心脏血淋巴细胞或肠粘膜淋巴细胞对自身结肠上皮细胞的细胞毒指数．结果胎鼠结肠成功地植入２７只同系成年鼠的肾包膜下，７ｄ后植入的胎鼠结肠出现免疫排斥反应，表现为粘膜炎症和溃疡形成．还观察到宿主鼠结肠的自身免疫反应，表现为淋巴滤泡增多和炎性细胞浸润．２７只实验鼠的心脏血淋巴细胞或结肠粘膜淋巴细胞对自身结肠上皮细胞的细胞毒指数分别为４１６％±３８％，３８４％±２１％，而１５只正常对照鼠的相应指数分别为８２％±１９％，７０％±１７％，两者间的差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜００１）．结论胎鼠结肠植入同系成年鼠能导致类似于ＵＣ的变化，其中淋巴细胞对自身结肠的细胞毒作用在细胞免疫反应中可能起重要作用 Objective To evaluate the ulcerative colitis (UC) model induced by colon implantation in syngenic mice. Methods The fetal rat colon was implanted into the renal capsule of the same mouse and the histological changes of the colon of fetal and adult mice were observed. The cytotoxicity of cardiac blood lymphocytes or intestinal mucosal lymphocytes to the cells of colon epithelial cells Poison index. Results Fetal colon was successfully implanted into the renal capsule of 27 female mice of the same line. After 7 days, the immunological rejection occurred in the colon of fetal rats, showing mucosal inflammation and ulceration. An autoimmune response in the host mouse colon was also observed, manifested by increased lymphoid follicles and inflammatory cell infiltration. The cytotoxicity index of 27 experimental mice with heart blood lymphocytes or colonic mucosal lymphocytes on their own colon epithelial cells were 41.6% ± 38% and 384% ± 21% respectively, while 15 normal controls The corresponding indices of rats were 82% ± 19% and 70% ± 17%, respectively. There was significant difference between the two indexes (P <001). Conclusion The implantation of colon in fetal mice can induce similar changes in UC, and the cytotoxic effect of lymphocytes on their own colon may play an important role in the cellular immune response