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本研究从1982年开始,选用玉米ms_1、ms_2和ms_(10)三个雄性核不育基因以及易位断点与相应ms基因紧密连锁的T_(4-6b)、T_(9-10a)、T_(4-10f)和T_(6-10(5519)四个易位系作为基础材料,采用细胞遗传技术育成若干个骨干自交系的基因雄性不育双杂合保持系。至今,已选育出黄早四和Mo17背景的ms_2基因双杂合保持系。保持系与ms_2基因不育系杂交,子代全部植株雄性不育;将其自交,后代分离出双杂合体和不育株。本研究结果表明:(1)不同杂易位的花粉败育率差异显著,不同自交系背景对花粉败育率无明显影响。(2)以杂易位作母本与杂合ms株杂交,子代中双杂合体出现的理论频率为7.4％。由于双杂合体生活力弱以及鉴定中存在的问题,实际选育双杂合体的频率更低。(3)黄早四ms_2基因双杂合体有三类花粉:饱满的占65％;小的和不饱满的占20％;败育的占15％。文章还讨论了双杂合保持系存在的问题和用途。
In this study, three maize male sterility genes ms_1, ms_2 and ms_ (10) as well as T_ (4-6b), T_ (9-10a), T_ (4-10f) and T_ (6-10 (5519)) were used as the basic materials to screen several lines of male sterility double hybrid maintainer lines of several key inbred lines by using cytogenetic technique. The MS_2 gene hybridization maintainer lines with Huangzao Si and Mo17 backgrounds were bred.The maintainer lines were crossed with the ms_2 gene sterile line, and all the progeny plants were male sterile. The two hybrids and the sterile plants were isolated from the selfing and offspring generations The results showed that: (1) The pollen abortion rate of different heterotrophic loci was significantly different, and the inbred lines of different inbred lines had no significant effect on pollen abortion rate. (2) The theoretical frequency of occurrence of double hybrid in hybrid and offspring was 7.4% .Due to the weak viability of the two-hybrid and the problems existing in the identification, the frequency of actual breeding double hybrid was lower. (3) Heterozygotes have three types of pollen: full account for 65%; small and not enough account for 20%; abortion account for 15% The problem and purpose