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目的分析阴道炎真菌及细菌感染及其季节性变化情况。方法选取深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院妇科门诊2015年收治的阴道炎患者46752例,采集阴道分泌物进行细菌培养,观察阴道分泌物中真菌及细菌阳性率,比较不同季节致病菌阳性率。结果 46752例阴道分泌物细菌培养检出真菌3974例,阳性率为8.5%;检出细菌10153例,阳性率为21.7%。真菌阳性率高于细菌阳性率(P<0.01)。冬季(1~2月)细菌、真菌阳性率最低,夏季(5~9月)细菌及真菌阳性率最高。夏季细菌及真菌阳性率高于季节(P<0.05)。结论阴道炎患者阴道分泌物中真菌感染率高于细菌,阴道分泌物中真菌及细菌感染率具有明显的季节性,夏季节是真菌性阴道炎和细菌性阴道炎的高发期。
Objective To analyze the fungal and bacterial infections of vaginitis and its seasonal changes. Methods A total of 46,752 vaginitis patients were admitted to the gynecology clinic of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Bao’an District in Shenzhen City in 2015. Vaginal secretions were collected for bacterial culture. The positive rates of fungi and bacteria in vaginal secretions were observed, and the positive rates of pathogenic bacteria in different seasons were compared. Results A total of 3974 fungi were detected in 46,752 cases of vaginal secretions. The positive rate was 8.5%. 10,153 cases of bacteria were detected, the positive rate was 21.7%. The positive rate of fungi was higher than that of bacteria (P <0.01). In winter (January-February), the positive rates of bacteria and fungi were the lowest, and the positive rates of bacteria and fungi were the highest in summer (May-September). The positive rates of bacteria and fungi in summer were higher than those in seasons (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of fungal infection in vaginal secretions of vaginitis patients is higher than that of bacteria. The prevalence of fungi and bacteria in vaginal secretions is obviously seasonal. In summer, fungal vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis occur frequently.