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車軸(图1)是車輛上的重要零件之一,形状虽然簡单,但要求很高:黑皮鍛造,中間不加工,不允許弯曲。我厂是在3吨自由鍛錘上鍛造的,校直工序也在錘上用目测进行。这样不但質量差,返修率高达50％,而且劳动强度大,效率低。我們自己动手,制造成功一台落錘式校直机;鍛后的車軸利用鍛造余热(700～800℃)直接在它上面进行校直。結果大大地提高了生产效率,車軸产量由过去的班产60根跃进到80根左右,同时質量也提高了,根本消灭了返修率。
The axle (Fig. 1) is one of the important parts on the vehicle. Although the shape is simple, it is very demanding: the black skin is forged, the middle is not processed, and bending is not allowed. Our factory is forging on a 3 ton free forging hammer, and the straightening process is also performed visually on the hammer. This quality is not only poor, the repair rate is as high as 50%, but also labor intensity and low efficiency. We ourselves started by manufacturing a drop-type straightening machine; the forged axles were straightened on it using forging heat (700-800°C). As a result, the production efficiency has been greatly improved. The production of axles has jumped from 60 to 80 in the past, and the quality has also improved. The repair rate has been completely eliminated.