“农民”一词在《中文大辞典》中的解释为“从事稼穑之人也”1,《辞海》中的解释为“直接从事农业生产的人(不包括农奴与农业工人)”2。从不同版本的词典对“农民”一词的解释中,可以发现“农民”中的“农”指的不是农村而是作为一种职业的“农耕”。斯科特也指出“对‘农民’一词的大多数定义都至少包括两条特征。首先,农民是农业耕作者”3。因此,“农民”是以耕种为主要职业的群体。乡民,从字面上来说是乡村 The term “peasant” is interpreted in the Chinese Dictionary as “the person engaged in the peasant family.” 1 In “Cihai,” the explanation is that “people who directly engage in agricultural production (excluding serfs and agricultural workers )”2. From the interpretation of the word “peasant” in different versions of the dictionary, we can find that “peasant” in “peasant” refers to not “rural” but “professional” farming. Scott also pointed out that “most definitions of the word” peasant “include at least two traits. First, the peasant is an agricultural cultivator.” Therefore, “peasant” is a group whose main occupation is farming. Countryman, literally rural