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基于内蒙古武川县旱地农田试验,研究施肥对马铃薯耗水量及水分利用效率的影响,以期为区域农业可持续发展与生态建设提供科学依据。研究显示:随着施肥量的增加,耗水量加大,但施肥量达到一定程度时耗水量开始减少;在多雨年,产量和耗水量都较高;在少雨年,产量和耗水量均较低。马铃薯产量与耗水量之间相关关系呈对数型曲线。综合考虑产量与水分利用效率,在多雨年,中肥处理既能保证较高的水分利用效率,也能保证较高产量;少雨年采取低肥处理,正常年采取中低肥处理较适宜。研究表明,农业生产中应根据不同降水水平,通过适度施肥来提高马铃薯田水分利用效率,从而达到稳产并节水保墒的目的。
Based on the field experiment of dry land in Wuchuan County of Inner Mongolia, the effects of fertilization on the water consumption and water use efficiency of potato were studied in order to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development and ecological construction of the region agriculture. The results showed that the water consumption increased with the increase of fertilization amount, but the water consumption began to decrease when the fertilization amount reached a certain level. During the rainy years, both the yield and water consumption were high. In the dry years, the yield and water consumption were both lower . The correlation between potato yield and water consumption showed a logarithmic curve. Comprehensive consideration of yield and water use efficiency, in the wet years, fertilizer treatment can not only ensure a high water use efficiency, but also ensure higher yields; low-fat treatment to take low-fat years, in normal years to take low-fertilizer treatment more appropriate. The research shows that in the agricultural production, the water use efficiency of potato fields should be increased according to the different levels of precipitation and moderate fertilization so as to achieve the goal of stable production and saving water and preserving soil moisture.