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目的:了解孕产妇乙肝表面抗原筛查及筛查后对HBsAg阳性孕产妇实施健康干预的现况。方法:采用等容量抽样法,在贵州省黔东南州抽取8个县,每个县随机抽取1家县级医院,随机抽取82名2010年分娩且HBsAg阳性的孕产妇作为调查对象开展现场调查。结果:黔东南州孕产妇HBsAg筛查率为97.68%,HBsAg阳性率为6.14%。在82名HBsAg阳性的被调查者中,仅54.88%的人知道自己在孕产期曾做过HBsAg的筛查,26.83%的人仍不知道自己是HBsAg感染者;48.78%的人被告知要忌烟酒,47.56%的人被告知必要时需要治疗;39.02%的人被告知HBsAg阴性的家庭成员需要接种乙肝疫苗;69.52%的人被告知接种乙肝疫苗可预防乙肝。82名孩子中仅14.63%的孩子接受了高剂量乙肝疫苗的接种,11.76%的孩子同时接种了乙肝免疫球蛋白。虽然98.78%的人都愿意在全程接种后对孩子抽血进行乙肝免疫效果的检测,但实际上仅19.51%的孩子在接种后进行了检测。结论:在贵州省黔东南州孕产妇HBsAg筛查率较高,但HBsAg阳性孕产妇对筛查知识了解较少,在筛查后得到的健康干预和帮助较少。建议完善孕产妇HBsAg筛查规范,加强落实对孕产妇及孩子的健康干预。
Objective: To understand the status quo of health intervention on HBsAg positive pregnant women after screening and screening of hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant women. Methods: The method of equal capacity sampling was used to select 8 counties in Qiandongnan Prefecture of Guizhou Province. One county-level hospital was randomly selected in each county, and 82 pregnant women with HBsAg positive who gave birth in 2010 were randomly selected for investigation. Results: The screening rate of HBsAg among pregnant women in Qiandongnan Prefecture was 97.68% and the positive rate of HBsAg was 6.14%. Of the 82 HBsAg positive respondents, only 54.88% knew that they had been tested for HBsAg during pregnancy, 26.83% still did not know they were infected with HBsAg, and 48.78% were told No alcohol and tobacco, 47.56% were told to need treatment if necessary; 39.02% were told HBsAg-negative family members need to be vaccinated against hepatitis B; 69.52% were told that vaccination could prevent hepatitis B. Only 14.63% of 82 children received high-dose hepatitis B vaccination, while 11.76% of children received hepatitis B immunoglobulin at the same time. Although 98.78% of the people are willing to test their children’s blood for the effect of hepatitis B after the whole vaccination, only 19.51% of the children actually tested after the vaccination. Conclusion: The screening rate of HBsAg among pregnant women in Qiandongnan Prefecture in Guizhou Province is relatively high. However, knowledge of screening knowledge of HBsAg-positive pregnant women is less, and health interventions and less help after screening are fewer. Proposed to improve the screening of pregnant women HBsAg norms, and strengthen the implementation of the maternal and child health intervention.