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目的探讨外阴阴道念珠菌病(Vulvovaginal candidiasis,VVC)相关危险因素。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,对230例阴道内念珠菌培养阳性者及200例培养阴性者进行病例对照研究。结果VVC主要发生于性活跃期育龄妇女,平均年龄为(31.01±8.43)岁。VVC的相关危险因素有口交、非月经期护垫的应用、口服避孕药、既往有VVC病史、抗生素应用(OR分别为5.85,12.05,6.46,1.41,4.07;95%CI分别为2.82~12.13,5.38~26.97,3.51~11.98,0.71~2.78,1.35~12.26);避孕套的应用是保护性因素(OR=0.67,95%CI0.57~0.78)。结论VVC主要发生于性活跃期育龄妇女,口交、非月经期护垫的应用、避孕药的应用、既往有VVC病史、抗生素的应用是VVC发生的高危因素。避孕套的应用是VVC的保护性因素。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Methods A prospective study of 230 cases of Candida vaginal culture positive and 200 cases of negative culture were case-control study. Results VVC mainly occurred in sexual active women of childbearing age with an average age of (31.01 ± 8.43) years. VVC risk factors associated with oral, non-menstrual pad application, oral contraceptives, previous VVC history, antibiotic use (OR were 5.85,12.05,6.46,1.41,4.07; 95% CI 2.82 ~ 12.13, 5.38 ~ 26.97,3.51 ~ 11.98,0.71 ~ 2.78,1.35 ~ 12.26). The application of condom was a protective factor (OR = 0.67,95% CI0.57-0.78). Conclusions VVC mainly occurs in women of childbearing age with sexual active stage. The application of oral and non-menstrual padding and the application of contraceptives have a history of VVC. The use of antibiotics is a risk factor for VVC. Condom use is a protective factor for VVC.