内毒素由脂多糖和蛋白质复合而成,主要存在于革兰阴性菌中,有致热、致休克等多种生物活性。血液中内毒素达一定浓度即形成内毒素血症,其可引起一系列病理生理改变包括脓毒症、休克、弥漫性血管内凝血、多器官功能障碍综合征等。内毒素主要通过刺激单核细胞和巨噬细胞,使其产生? Endotoxins are composed of lipopolysaccharides and proteins. They are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria and have a variety of biological activities such as heat and shock. Endotoxins are formed in blood with certain concentrations of endotoxin, which can cause a series of pathophysiological changes including sepsis, shock, diffuse intravascular coagulation, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and the like. Endotoxins are mainly produced by the stimulation of monocytes and macrophages.