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叠前偏移是解决强横向变速情况下复杂构造成像的一种有效手段,在碳酸盐岩成像处理研究中,利用波动方程叠前偏移较叠后偏移能获得分辨率高、保幅性好的偏移成果,孔洞能得到很好的刻画,串珠聚焦程度好,归位更加合理,能真实反映地下的构造形态,提高碳酸盐岩岩溶地形的地震预测成功率。对时间偏移和深度偏移在理论方法、适用性和处理剖面效果方面进行了分析对比,在地下构造复杂或横向速度变化较大时,叠前深度偏移能获得更好的效果。速度建模是影响叠前偏移成像技术的核心问题之一,获得准确的层速度是叠前深度偏移成功的关键。
Prestack migration is an effective method to solve the complex structure imaging under strong transverse speed change. In the study of carbonate imaging processing, the prestack migration of wave equation can obtain higher resolution, Good offset results, holes can be well characterized, beaded degree of focus is good, more reasonable place to return, can truly reflect the underground tectonic shape, improve the success rate of carbonate rock karst terrain earthquake prediction. The time migration and depth migration are compared and analyzed in terms of theoretical methods, applicability and processing profile effects. Prestack depth migration can achieve better results when the underground structures are complex or the horizontal velocity changes greatly. Velocity modeling is one of the core issues affecting prestack migration imaging. Obtaining accurate velocity is the key to the success of prestack depth migration.