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目的通过对桂林市城区小学生因病缺勤情况进行监测,分析学生因病缺勤的主要原因,为做好学校卫生防疫工作提供依据。方法运用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取桂林市城区11所小学,在2015—2016学年使用统一调查表格进行因病缺勤监测,对监测结果进行统计分析。结果桂林市城区小学生因病缺勤发生率为29.20%,疾病构成主要为呼吸道疾病及消化道疾病,占疾病构成的77.41%。冬、春季节呼吸道疾病高发,夏秋季节消化道疾病发病增多,男生因意外伤害缺勤发生率高于女生。结论学校疾病防控工作应根据疾病发生的规律有针对性地进行健康教育,减少发病率,提高学生健康水平,同时应加快学校疾病监测系统的信息化建设,提高学校疾病防控的能力和水平。
Objective To monitor the absence of primary school students in urban areas of Guilin city and analyze the main reasons for the absence of students due to sickness and provide the basis for the health and epidemic prevention in schools. Methods By using multistage stratified cluster sampling method, 11 primary schools in Guilin City were sampled. Monitored questionnaires of illness absence were used in the 2015-2016 school year for statistical analysis of monitoring results. Results The incidence of absence due to illness in primary school students in Guilin City was 29.20%. The main diseases were respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, accounting for 77.41% of the total. High prevalence of respiratory diseases in winter and spring, increased incidence of gastrointestinal diseases in summer and autumn, boys than girls due to accidental injury absent. Conclusion The school disease prevention and control should be based on the law of disease occurrence targeted education for health education to reduce the incidence and improve the health of students should also speed up the school disease monitoring system of information technology to improve the ability and level of school disease prevention and control .