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目的了解抚顺市铅作业工人尿铅异常发病特征。方法选择接触铅作业1年以上,且平均年龄和接触铅作业工龄及各工龄段的受检人数构成比相近的3 907名铅作业工人,分成男女两组做比较,为制定职业病防治策略提供依据。采用双硫腙测定法测定尿铅含量,尿铅正常值0.39μmol/L为判定标准,对铅作业工人的尿铅异常情况进行统计学分析。结果 2006-2013年,抚顺市铅作业工人男工组检测1 865人,尿铅异常发病率18.0%;女工组检测2 042人,尿铅异常发病率28.9%;经统计学分析,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论女工组尿铅异常发病率高于男工组,与女性月经期、妊娠期、哺乳期排钙量增加、生理特点及对毒物的第三性增高有关。
Objective To understand the characteristics of urinary lead excretion in lead workers in Fushun City. Methods A total of 3 907 lead workers, who were exposed to lead for more than 1 year, were selected and divided into two groups according to the average age, the working age of lead exposure, and the number of employees in each service age group, which provided the basis for the development of occupational disease prevention and control strategies . Dithizone determination of urine lead content, normal urinary lead 0.39μmol / L for the determination of the standard of lead workers in the case of abnormal urine lead for statistical analysis. Results In 2006-2013, there were 1,865 male workers working in lead workers in Fushun City, with an abnormal incidence of urinary lead of 18.0%. There were 2 042 workers in the workers’ group and 28.9% of patients with abnormal urine lead level. According to statistical analysis, There was statistical significance (P <0.001). Conclusions The incidence of abnormal urine lead in female workers is higher than that in male workers, which is related to the increase of calcium excretion, physiological characteristics and the third toxicity to the women during menstruation, pregnancy and lactation.