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动物正常青春期启动时下丘脑GnRH分泌增加作用于GnRH受体,促促黄体生成素(LH)和促卵泡素(FSH)的释放,LH和FSH又促进卵巢分泌E2,进而促进生殖器官的发育,真性性早熟的发生与正常青春期启动顺序一致,是由下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的提前激活引起的。由于大鼠青春期发育过程与人类近似,且生命周期短(2～3年)、性成熟期短(2～3月)、性周期短(4～5天),性腺发育指征明确,便于观察,所以大鼠已成为有关性发育研究的主要实验动物。本文对近年来性早熟模型的建立和评价的方法进行了系统的回顾,为选择性应用动物模型提供指导,为性早熟病因、发病机制和防治等研究奠定基础。
Animal normal puberty at the onset of hypothalamic GnRH secretion increased role in the GnRH receptor, promote luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) release, LH and FSH and promote ovarian secretion of E2, thereby promoting reproductive organs development, true precocious puberty The occurrence of normal adolescent start-up sequence is consistent with the hypothalamus - pituitary - gonadal axis caused by the early activation. Because of the process of rat adolescent development and human approximation, and the short life cycle (2-3 years), sexual maturity (2-3 months), short sexual cycle (4-5 days), gonadal development indications clear, easy to observe , So rats have become the major experimental animal for sexual development studies. This article systematically reviews the methods of establishment and evaluation of precocious puberty in recent years, provides guidance for the selective application of animal models and lays the foundation for the study on the etiopathogenisis, pathogenesis and prevention and treatment of puberty precocious puberty.