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本文对元帅系苹果品质与气象条件的关系进行连续四年的定位试验研究。初步探明了元帅系苹果的可溶性固形物含量、果实去皮硬度、含酸量、糖酸比以及果形指数的大小与气象条件的基本关系,指出影响元帅系苹果品质好坏的气象因素主要是热量条件,而光照和水份条件处于次要地位。研究得出:可溶性固形物含量的高值区出现在年≥10℃积温2900～4000℃的地区,约相当于甘肃省天水地区的海拔1500～800m范围,最高值区出现在年≥10℃积温3200～3700℃之间,相当于海拔1300～1000m之间。硬度的低值区出现在年≥10℃积温3300～4000℃范围,相当于海拔1250～800m的地区,而最低值区出现在年≥10℃积温3550～3650℃之间,相当于海拔1100～1000m地区。该研究为合理利用农业气候资源,提高苹果质量、发展苹果生产提供比较可靠的气象科学依据。
In this paper, Marshal Department of apple quality and weather conditions for four consecutive years of positioning experimental study. The basic relationship between the content of soluble solids, fruit peel hardness, acid content, sugar-to-acid ratio and fruit shape index and meteorological conditions of Marshal-apple was preliminarily probed, and the meteorological factors affecting the qualities of Marshal-apple were mainly pointed out Is the heat conditions, while the light and moisture conditions in the secondary position. The results showed that the high value area of soluble solids content appeared in the area of ≥00 ℃ accumulated temperature from 2900 ℃ to 4000 ℃, equivalent to the elevation of 1500-800m in Tianshui area of Gansu Province, and the highest value appeared in ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature 3200 ~ 3700 ℃ between, equivalent to an elevation of 1300 ~ 1000m between. The low value area of hardness appears in the range of 3300 ~ 4000 ℃ of accumulated temperature ≥10 ℃, equivalent to the area of 1250 ~ 800m above sea level, while the lowest value area appears in the accumulated temperature of 3550 ~ 3650 ℃ ≥10 ℃, equivalent to 1100 ~ 1000m area. The study provides a more reliable meteorological basis for rational use of agricultural climate resources, improvement of apple quality and development of apple production.