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光学观测瞄准是大中型轰炸机主要的对地攻击瞄准方式,其光学系统一般采用望远式光学系统,这就要求光学系统能满足可见光和近红外光两个光谱波段。根据国内大中型轰炸机光学观测瞄准系统的主要缺陷,结合光学观测瞄准的实际,探讨了基于二元光学的光学观测系统的组成结构和瞄准原理,分析了可见光波段混合目镜的光学性能、谐衍射物镜的衍射效率以及近红外光波段光学系统的像质,推导了横偏棱镜调平误差引起的瞄准误差的数学表达式,并对设计的合理性进行了验证。
Optical sighting aiming is the main target of large-to-middle-sized bomber attack on the ground, the optical system generally uses a telescopic optical system, which requires the optical system to meet the visible and near infrared two spectral bands. According to the main shortcomings of optical observation and aiming system of domestic large and medium-sized bomber, combined with the reality of optical observation and sighting, the compositional structure and aiming principle of optical observation system based on binary optics are discussed. The optical performance of the hybrid eyepiece in visible wavelength band is analyzed. And the image quality of the optical system in the near infrared region, the mathematical expression of the aiming error caused by the leveling error of the transversely-polarized prism is derived, and the rationality of the design is verified.