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温排水是核电厂主要的特征排放物,其对环境的影响正在引起越来越多的关注。本文介绍了温排水对水环境和水生生物的影响,从温排水影响的范围、控制和管理、监测等方面讨论了中国核电厂温排水环境影响评价和管理现状,同时介绍了国外在温排水管理方面的做法,总结了核电厂温排水领域目前存在的主要问题,提出了加强生态调查和温排水生态效应研究、开展温排水现场监测、充分考虑环境因素确定取排水方案、制定温排水排放和评价标准、加强温排水综合利用研究等针对性建议。
Warm water drainage is the main characteristic emission of nuclear power plants, and its environmental impact is drawing more and more attention. This paper introduces the influence of warm drainage on water environment and aquatic organisms, discusses the status quo and the management of environmental impact assessment of warm drainage in China from the aspects of the range, control, management and monitoring of temperature control. At the same time, The paper summarizes the main problems existing in the field of thermal power plant and puts forward the following suggestions: strengthening ecological investigation and research on ecological effects of warm drainage; carrying out on-site monitoring of warm drainage; taking full consideration of environmental factors to determine the drainage scheme and establishing the thermal drainage discharge and evaluation Standard, to strengthen the study of comprehensive utilization of temperature drainage and other targeted recommendations.