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为减小上游风力机尾迹影响,实现风场全局优化,基于致动线方法,利用OpenFOAM对风场上游风力机进行了9种不同偏航控制及15种不同风轮俯仰控制的数值模拟。比较各控制法下的风场总输出功率,并结合轮毂高度处水平截面及风轮中心垂直截面的流场云图,分析不同尾迹偏移控制方法对下游风力机影响的流动机理。结果表明:以不同控制方法改变尾迹流向,尽管上游风力机功率有所下降,但下游风力机输出功率显著提高,风场总输出功率得以大幅增加;两种尾迹偏移控制策略均可实现风场全局优化并都存在最佳偏移角,但偏航控制优于风轮俯仰控制;正俯仰角时风场总输出功率大于负俯仰角。
In order to reduce the influence of upstream wake of wind turbine and achieve global optimization of wind farm, nine kinds of yaw control and fifteen different pitching control numerical simulations of wind turbine were carried out by OpenFOAM. The total output power of the wind farm under each control method was compared. The flow mechanism of different wake deviation control methods on the downstream wind turbine was analyzed based on the flow field at the horizontal section of the hub and the vertical section of the center of the rotor. The results show that changing the wake flow direction by different control methods can improve the output power of the downstream wind turbine significantly and increase the total output power of the wind farms, although the power of the upstream wind turbine decreases somewhat. Both of the two wake offset control strategies can achieve the wind field However, the yaw control is better than the rotor pitch control in global optimization and the total output power of the wind field is greater than the negative pitch angle at positive pitch.