目的探讨奥瑞姆(Orem)自理模式在内镜下食管支架置入术并食管狭窄扩张术术后的饮食护理有效性。方法 100例中晚期食管癌患者,随机分成观察组和对照组,各100例。对照组患者采用传统的饮食护理方式,观察组患者给予Orem自理模式的指导和护理干预。评估两组患者的自理能力等指标。结果观察组患者中完全自理20例,部分自理26例,不能自理4例;对照组患者完全自理10例,部分自理24例,不能自理16例;观察组患者自理能力优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,观察组未见食管支架脱落和食物梗阻的患者,对照组食管支架移位脱落5例,食物梗阻3例,并发生症发生率为16.0%;两组并发生症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前两组血清白蛋白、前白蛋白、体重指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后观察组血清白蛋白、前白蛋白、体重指标优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Orem自理护理模式可以帮助患者尽快满足自理需要,完善自我照顾进程,明显改善患者的营养状况,避免焦虑不安情绪,使术后并发症的发生率降低最低,减少了患者的痛苦,延长了患者的生命,提高了患者疾病晚期生存质量,为家庭和社会减轻了负担。 Objective To investigate the effectiveness of Orem self-care diet in endoscopic esophageal stent placement and esophageal stenosis. Methods 100 cases of advanced esophageal cancer patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group, each 100 cases. Patients in the control group were treated with traditional diet and nursing care. Patients in the observation group were given Orem self-care instruction and nursing intervention. Evaluation of two groups of self-care ability and other indicators. Results In the observation group, 20 patients were completely self-controlled, 26 patients partially self-controlled and 4 patients unable to take care of themselves. In the control group, 10 patients were completely self-involved, 24 patients partially self-controlled and 16 patients unable to take care of themselves. Statistical significance (P <0.05). After nursing, there was no esophageal stent shedding and food obstruction in the observation group. In the control group, 5 cases of esophageal stent displacement and food obstruction occurred in 3 cases and the incidence rate of the disease was 16.0%. There were significant differences in incidence of complications between the two groups Statistical significance (P <0.05). Preoperative serum albumin, prealbumin, body weight index was no significant difference (P> 0.05); postoperative observation group serum albumin, prealbumin, body weight index was better than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Orem self-care nursing model can help patients to meet their own needs as soon as possible, improve the process of self-care, significantly improve the patient’s nutritional status, to avoid anxiety and anxiety, so that the incidence of postoperative complications to reduce the minimum, reducing patient pain and prolonging the patient Life, improve the quality of life of patients with advanced disease, reduce the burden on families and society.