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利用染色体荧光原位杂交技术(FISH),将3种重复序列5S rDNA、45S rDNA和C0t-1 DNA用不同荧光物进行标记,对我国10个不同地理来源的苜蓿种质(Medicago sativa L.;2n=4X=32)进行了染色体多态性检测。结果表明,利用以上重复序列可以较好地将苜蓿32条染色体区分为16对特征不同的染色体,10份不同种质材料FISH带纹特征表现高度相似,比较不同种质间同源染色体重复序列杂交特征,揭示出种质群体内和群体间多态性染色体的存在,其中不同的同源染色体多态性表现不尽一致,1号染色体(随体染色体)多态性最高,10份材料中检出7个多态型,3、4、15号染色体保守性较强,在不同种质间表现为单态,其他染色体多态性居中。对在地理分布上自西向东的10个材料进行染色体多态性比较,结果显示分布于西藏、新疆以及分布在辽宁的材料部分染色体多态型显著区别于其他材料。
The 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA and C0t-1 DNA of three repetitive sequences were labeled with different fluorophores by using chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and 10 alfalfa germplasms (Medicago sativa L .; 2n = 4X = 32) chromosome polymorphism detection. The results showed that 32 chromosomes of Medicago sativa L. could be divided into 16 pairs of chromosomes with the same sequence. The FISH bands of 10 different germplasm materials were highly similar. Comparison of homologous chromosome repeat sequences between different germplasms Features, revealing the presence of polymorphic chromosomes within and between germplasm groups, of which different homologous chromosome polymorphisms are not consistent, the highest chromosome 1 (on chromosome) polymorphism, 10 materials in the inspection Out of seven polymorphisms, chromosomes 3, 4, and 15 were more conserved and showed heterozygosity among different germplasms with other chromosome polymorphisms being intermediate. Chromosomal polymorphisms of 10 materials distributed from west to east in geographical distribution showed that some chromosome polymorphisms of materials distributed in Tibet, Xinjiang and Liaoning Province were significantly different from other materials.