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目的:考察西洋红参皂苷组分Ⅰ和Ⅱ对大鼠大脑皮层及海马中17种神经化学物质水平的影响。方法:将西洋红参总皂苷经D101型大孔吸附树脂分离纯化制备得到组分Ⅰ和Ⅱ,采用超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱质谱法(UPLC-LIT-MS)测定组分中皂苷单体的组成。采用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱法(UPLC-QQQ-MS)测定大鼠大脑皮层及海马中17种神经化学物质含量变化情况。结果:在与空白组比较,给予皂苷组分Ⅰ后,大鼠大脑皮层及海马中谷氨酸,天冬氨酸,牛磺酸,乙酰胆碱,酪氨酸,多巴胺,去甲肾上腺的含量升高,与给药剂量成正相关趋势;在给予皂苷组分Ⅱ后,γ-氨基丁酸,色氨酸,5-羟色胺,5-羟吲哚乙酸,褪黑素,丝氨酸,甘氨酸,组胺的含量升高,且与给药剂量成正相关趋势。通过分析皂苷组成与脑内神经化学物质含量变化之间的内在联系,发现组分Ⅰ可提高大脑皮层及海马中兴奋性神经化学物质含量,组分Ⅱ可提高大鼠大脑皮层及海马中抑制性神经化学物质含量。结论:西洋红参中皂苷组分具有神经活性,皂苷类成分的极性与其对兴奋性和抑制性神经化学物质的影响具有相关性。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of ginsenosides I and II on the levels of 17 neurochemicals in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats. Methods: Components Ⅰ and Ⅱ were isolated and purified from Daphne saponin macroporous resin by UPLC-LIT-MS. The content of total saponins Body composition. The contents of 17 neurochemicals in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats were determined by UPLC-QQQ-MS with ultra performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Results: Compared with the blank group, the content of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, taurine, acetylcholine, tyrosine, dopamine and noradrenal in rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus increased after the saponin I was given. And the dosage was positively related to the trend; Ginsenoside II, the content of γ-aminobutyric acid, tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, melatonin, serine, glycine, histamine High, and dose-related positive trend. By analyzing the intrinsic relationship between the composition of saponin and neurochemical changes in brain, we found that component I can increase the content of excitatory neurochemicals in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Component II can increase the inhibitory effect on rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus Neurochemical content. CONCLUSIONS: The saponin component of the western red ginseng has neurological activity, and the polarity of the saponin component is correlated with its effect on excitatory and inhibitory neurochemicals.