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本文以《红楼梦》译评为讨论对象。文章集中剖析前贤对《红楼梦》英译本中Nibbansday一词的理解和评论,同时讨论几个重大的文化渊源问题和翻译问题。本文首先考证腊八和nibbāna的由来,指出nibbāna源自佛祖成道涅槃,然后再考证佛经汉译的历史、涅槃(nibbāna)一词的意蕴及其传入中土的过程,从而追踪吃腊八粥这食俗(包括浴佛风俗)形成的历史轨迹。这是溯源、考证的工作。接着,在翻译评论层面上,本文说明霍克思翻译时所采用的构词手法,并寻绎众多译评家的“期望规范”(贬归化而重异化)。与此同时,本文提出了自己的看法:(1)我们可以从解构主义翻译论的角度来衡量霍克思的译文/(2)反对“非彼即此”的评论方式。本文结尾部分举出历史实例,对硬套“文化霸权论”的做法提出了质疑。
This article takes “Dream of Red Mansions” as the object of discussion. The article focuses on the comprehension and comment of the predecessor on Nibbansday in the English version of A Dream of Red Mansions and discusses several major cultural origins and translation issues. This article first studies the origins of Laba and nibbāna, points out that nibbāna originated from Buddhism into Taoism Nirvana, and then studies the history of Buddhist scripture translation, the meaning of nibbāna and the process of its introduction into Middle-earth, (Including bath Buddha custom) formed the historical trajectory. This is a source, research work. Then, on the aspect of translation criticism, this article explains the word-building techniques used by Hawkes in translating and looks for the “expectation norm” of many translators (democratization and re-alienation). At the same time, this article puts forward my own views: (1) We can measure Haworth’s translation from the perspective of deconstructionist translation / (2) the way of criticizing “non-heresy”. At the end of this article, we give some historical examples and put forward some doubts about the practice of “cultural hegemony theory”.