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最近,美国政军各界围绕军费拨款制度改革展开了激烈辩论,辩论的焦点是是否应将军费与GDP(国民生产总值)挂钩,通过立法确保每年的军费开支不低于GDP的4%。支持者认为美国军费多年来徘徊在GDP的4%以下,与美国的国际地位以及美军所担负的作战任务极不相称;反对者认为,加上核武器研发与部署的费用以及伊拉克和阿富汗战争的拨款,美国的军费早已超过了GDP的4%,不应再增加。孰是孰非现在尚无定论,但可以肯定的是,如果这一设想成为现实,美国现有的军费拨款制度将受到严峻挑战,美国国会在军费开支上的监督与制衡职能也将被严重削弱,美国军费的上涨势头有可能进一步加强。
Recently, all walks of life in the U.S. political and military circles have heated debates over the reform of the military appropriation system. Whether the military expenditure should be linked to GDP (gross domestic product) should be debated. Legislation should ensure that the annual military expenditure will not be less than 4% of GDP. Proponents argue that the U.S. military spending has hovered below 4% of GDP for many years and is disproportionate to the United States’ international status and the operational tasks of the U.S. military. Opponents argue that, combined with the cost of nuclear weapons research and development and the funding of the war in Iraq and Afghanistan The U.S. military expenditures have already exceeded 4% of GDP and should not be increased. However, it is certain that if this idea is to become a reality, the existing system of military appropriation in the United States will be seriously challenged and the role of the United States Congress in monitoring and checking the military expenditure will be severely weakened The upward trend of U.S. military spending is likely to be further strengthened.