我国住房保障制度多年来存在一个”福利倒立”问题。经济适用房政策起步较早,力度较大,目标人群是城镇中、低收入家庭。但执行结果显示,其中受益人主要是中等收入甚至中上等收入家庭,最低收入家庭因无力购买住房,很难从中受益。在住房保障中,收入较高者得益多,收入较低者得益少,我把这种现象称为“福利倒立”。国家提出廉租房政策,正是为了解决这个问题。现在住房保障采用的最低收入概念,等同于民政部门界定的最低生活保障线,大约涉及到城镇5％的家庭。然而还有一些收入略高于最低生活保障线而无力购买经济适用房的家庭,也就是人们通常说的“夹心层”,仍然难以从现行住房保障政策中得益,他们面临的“福利倒立”问题仍然存在。 China’s housing security system for many years there is a “welfare inverted” issue. Affordable housing policy started earlier, more efforts, the target population is urban middle and low-income families. However, the implementation results show that the beneficiaries are mainly middle- and upper-middle-income families, and the lowest-income families can hardly benefit from the inability to purchase housing. In housing security, those with higher incomes benefit more and those with lower incomes benefit less. I call this phenomenon “welfare invaders.” The country put forward the policy of low-rent housing just to solve this problem. Nowadays, the concept of minimum income used for housing security is equivalent to the minimum living security line defined by the civil affairs department, which covers about 5% of the urban households. However, there are still some families whose incomes are slightly higher than the minimum living allowance but are unable to afford affordable housing. That is, what people usually call the “sandwich layer” is still difficult to benefit from the existing housing security policies. The “welfare inverted” the problem still exists.