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目的探索上海市松江区泖港镇大规模螺情形成的影响因素,为改进上海市的螺情监测工作模式提供科学依据。方法收集并查阅泖港镇地理、水闸建设与利用以及松江区气象、水文等资料,了解泖港镇及周边地区螺情,分析泖港镇大面积钉螺生成的原因。结果泖港镇具备钉螺孳生所必需的水、土壤、温度等基本条件,至1993年该镇通黄浦江及其支流的75%的河口已建成水闸;1991-2001年松江区年均降水量较常年多7.44%;1991年和1999年各发生了1次流域性洪水;米市渡水文站达到或超过警戒水位(3.50 m)次数与汛期(6-9月)降水量呈正相关(r=0.903,P<0.01)。该镇毗邻地区有钉螺发现,并于20世纪90年代初期出现1次钉螺高峰。2002年泖港镇发现大面积钉螺孳生(26.67 hm2),钉螺主要分布于黄浦江上游的泖西片圩。结论泖港镇大规模螺情形成可能是水闸的建设与使用、降水量增多、洪水、黄浦江潮位频繁超警戒水位和上游地区螺情综合作用的结果。建议有必要加强血吸虫病相关自然和社会因素资料收集、分析和利用;在与有螺地区毗邻的非流行地区定期开展螺情监测。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of the formation of large-scale snails in Songgang District of Shanghai and to provide a scientific basis for improving the snail-monitoring work in Shanghai. Methods Collecting and consulting the geography, sluice construction and utilization of Songgang Town and the meteorological and hydrological data of Songjiang District, so as to understand the causes and causes of the large snails in Yinggang Town. As a result, Gongang Town had the basic conditions of water, soil and temperature necessary for the breeding of snails. By 1993, 75% of the estuaries connecting the Huangpu River and its tributaries had been built into sluices; and from 1991 to 2001, the average annual precipitation in Songjiang District was A year-on-year increase of 7.44%; one case of basin flood occurred in 1991 and 1999; and the number of Mishidu ferry station reaching or exceeding the warning water level (3.50 m) was positively correlated with precipitation during the flood season (June-September) (r = 0.903 , P <0.01). A snail was found in the adjacent area of the town and a snail peak occurred in the early 1990s. In 2002, a large area of snail breeding (26.67 hm2) was found in Suigang Town. Snails were mainly distributed in the western part of the Huangpu River in the upper reaches of the Huangpu River. Conclusions The formation of large-scale snails in Yinggang town may be the result of the sluice construction and use, the increase of precipitation, the frequent flood level of the Huangpu River tide and the combined effect of the snail in the upstream area. It is recommended that it is necessary to strengthen the collection, analysis and utilization of information on natural and social factors related to schistosomiasis; to carry out regular surveillance of snail in non-endemic areas adjacent to the snail area.