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目的探讨脐血长链多不饱和脂肪酸水平与胎儿免疫功能的关系。方法招募身体健康、单胎妊娠的孕晚期妇女。分别采用气相色谱法、免疫抑制法、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测脐血中各长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LA、ALA、AA、EPA、DHA)、免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)、细胞因子(IFN-γ、IL-6)水平。结果多元线性回归分析显示,在校正可能混杂因素后,胎儿脐血ALA每增加1%,IgA、IgM分别增加0.035 g/L和0.294g/L,而脐血EPA每增加1%,IgA、IgM分别减少0.012和0.107g/L,Ln(IL-6)增加0.893 pg/ml;脐血DHA每增加1%,IFN-γ增加5.505 pg/ml,而n-6/n-3PUFA比值每增加1%,IFN-γ减少7.107 pg/ml。结论胎儿脐血ALA水平越高,IgA、IgM水平越高;而EPA水平越高,IgA、IgM水平越低,IL-6水平越高;IFN-γ水平随着DHA水平的升高而升高,且随着n-6/n-3PUFA比值的增大而降低,提示提高DHA摄入水平和降低n-6/n-3PUFA摄入比例有利于促进胎儿免疫功能成熟。
Objective To investigate the relationship between cord blood long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and fetal immune function. Methods to recruit healthy, singleton pregnant women of the third trimester. The levels of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LA, ALA, AA, EPA, DHA), immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6) levels. Results Multiple linear regression analysis showed that IgA and IgM increased by 0.035 g / L and 0.294 g / L for every 1% increase in fetal umbilical cord blood after correction for possible confounding factors, while IgA and IgM increased by 1% for cord blood EPA (P <0.05), and the increase of Ln (IL-6) was 0.893 pg / ml, while the increase of IFN-γ was 5.505 pg / ml for every 1% increase of DHA in umbilical cord blood, while the ratio of n-6 / %, IFN-γ decreased by 7.107 pg / ml. Conclusions The higher the level of ALA, the higher the level of IgA and IgM in fetal umbilical cord blood. The higher the level of EPA, the lower the level of IgA and IgM, the higher the level of IL-6. The level of IFN-γ increases with the increase of DHA level , And decreased with the increase of n-6 / n-3PUFA ratio, suggesting that increasing the intake of DHA and decreasing the proportion of n-6 / n-3 PUFAs are beneficial to the promotion of fetal immune function.