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关于产业空心化实际上有广义和狭义两种不同的理解,广义上的产业空心化是指经济结构的高级化,即把经济结构的后工业化或服务化定义为产业空心化,而狭义的产业空心化则是指随着对外直接投资的扩大,国内或地区内的生产部门向海外进行转移,使国内或地区内的制造业部门的规模和实力不断缩小和弱化。此外,根据研究和分析的对象的不同,产业空心化问题也可以分成单个企业的微观层次、某一类行业的中微观层次以及某一国家或地区整体的宏观层次。根据以上的定义我们可以看到,台湾经济结构的后工业化确实在不断地深化和发展之中,在台湾GDP中制造业所占的比重,1987年时达到最高峰为36%,以后逐渐减少,2002年该比重已经降至28.1%;同样在台湾就业总人口中制造业就业者所占的比重也在1987年以后一路走低。但是,台湾制造业的附加价值产值在目前依然维持着较高的水平,1999年至2001年的平均增长率为3.5%。与以往相比并没有明显的降低,而且2002年与2003年分别达到6.6%和5.2%的水平。所以,目前台湾的制造业在生产能力方面并没有出现持续弱化的状况。但是,从就业方面来看
There are actually two broad and narrow understandings about hollowing out industries. In a broad sense, hollowing out of industries refers to the higher level of economic structure. That is, the post-industrialization or service-oriented economy is defined as hollowing out of industries while the narrowly defined industries Hollowization refers to the fact that with the expansion of direct foreign investment, the production sectors in the country or region are shifted overseas, and the size and strength of the manufacturing sector in the country or region are continuously reduced and weakened. In addition, according to the different objects of research and analysis, the problem of industrialization can also be divided into the micro-level of a single enterprise, the micro-level of a certain type of industry, and the macro level of a country or region as a whole. According to the above definition, we can see that the post-industrialization of Taiwan’s economic structure has indeed continued to deepen and develop. The share of manufacturing in Taiwan’s GDP has reached a peak of 36% in 1987 and then gradually decreased. In 2002, the proportion had dropped to 28.1%. Similarly, the share of manufacturing and manufacturing employed in Taiwan’s total population also went down after 1987. However, the value-added and value-added output of the manufacturing industry in Taiwan is still at a relatively high level at present, with an average growth rate of 3.5% from 1999 to 2001. Compared with the past there is no significant reduction, and in 2002 and 2003 reached 6.6% and 5.2% respectively. Therefore, at present, the manufacturing industry in Taiwan has not undergone any continual weakening in terms of productivity. However, from the employment side