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目的:探讨延长创伤环境中暴露时间对创伤后应激反应雌雄大鼠的行为及下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺(hypothalamus-pituitary-thyriod，HPT)轴的影响。方法:雌、雄性大鼠各50只按照随机数字表法分别分为5组(每组n n＝10只)：空白组、D1F组(在创伤环境中暴露2 min，暴露后立即取样)、D1Y(在创伤环境中暴露90 min，暴露后立即取样)、D4F组(在创伤环境中暴露2 min，第4天创伤环境恐惧记忆测试后取样)、D4Y(在创伤环境中暴露90 min，第4天创伤环境恐惧记忆测试后取样)。用拒俘实验测量大鼠焦虑、恐惧行为，运用酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay，Elisa)测量血清中促甲状腺激素释放激素(thyrotropin-releasing hormone，TRH)，促甲状腺激素(thyrotropin，TSH)，游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(free triiodothyronine，FTn 3)和游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸(free tetraiodothyronine，FTn 4)含量。n 结果:(1)雄性D4Y组、雄性D4F组的拒绝程度低于空白组[(1.70±1.77)分，(0.80±1.23)分，(3.60±1.43)分，n P0.05)；雌性D4F组的拒绝程度低于空白组[(0.90±1.29)分，(3.30±1.57)分，n P<0.05]。(2)雄性D4F组较空白组FTn 3、FTn 4升高(n P<0.05)；与雄性D4F组相比，雄性D1F组、D1Y组、D4Y组FTn 3水平降低(n P<0.05)；与雄性D4F组相比，雄性D1F、D1Y组FTn 4水平降低[(12.19±0.97)pmol/L，(11.19±0.21)pmol/L，(11.24±0.73)pmol/L，n P<0.05]；与雌性空白组、雌性D1F组、雌性D4Y相比，雌性D1Y组TRH水平降低(n P<0.05)。n 结论:延长创伤环境中暴露时间使雄性大鼠HPT轴的应激活动降低，焦虑、恐惧行为更明显，而对于雌性大鼠焦虑、恐惧行为虽趋于正常，但创伤后HPT轴应激活动不足。“,”Objective:To investigate the effects of prolonged exposure time on the behavior and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyriod(HPT) axis in post-traumatic stress rats.Methods:Fifty female rats and fifty male rats were respectively divided into 5 groups according to the random number table(n n=10 in each group): blank group, D1F group(exposed in trauma environment for 2 min, sampled immediately after exposure), D1Y group(exposed in trauma environment for 90 min, sampled immediately after exposure), D4F group(exposed in trauma environment for 2 min, sampled after trauma environment fear memory test on the fourth day), D4Y group(exposed in trauma environment for 90 min, sampling after fear memory test of trauma environment on the fourth day). The anxiety and fear behaviors of rats were measured by capture rejection test, and the serum levels of thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH), thyrotropin(TSH), free triiodothyronine(FTn 3), and free tetraiodothyronine(FTn 4) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(Elisa).n Results:(1)The rejection degree of male D4Y group and male D4F group were lower than that of blank group((1.70±1.77)points, (0.80±1.23)points, (3.60±1.43)points, n P0.05), and the rejection degree of female D4F group was lower than that of blank group((0.90±1.29)points, (3.30±1.57)points,n P<0.05). (2)The levels of FTn 3 and FTn 4 in male D4F group were higher than those in blank group(n P<0.05). Compared with male D4F group, the levels of FTn 3 in male D1F group, D1Y group and D4F group were lower(n P< 0.05). Compared with male D4F group, the levels of FTn 4 in male D1F and D1Y group were lower((12.19±0.97)pmol/L, (11.19±0.21)pmol/L, (11.24±0.73)pmol/L, n P<0.05). Compared with female blank group, female D1F group and female D4Y group, TRH level of female D1Y group decreased(n P<0.05).n Conclusion:Prolonging the exposure time in the trauma environment can reduce the stress activity of HPT axis in male rats, and the anxiety and fear behavior tend to be more obvious, while for female rats, although the anxiety and fear behavior tend to be normal, the HPT axis should not be activated after trauma.